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1.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 32(4)dez. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-721638

ABSTRACT

O clivus é considerado o osso mais forte da base do crânio. Dessa forma, sua lesão sugere trauma de relevante impacto. O hematoma extradural agudo de clivus (HEDAC) é particularmente raro, com poucos casos descritos na literatura. A maioria dos relatos de HEDAC envolve vítimas de colisão com veículos de alta velocidade, sendo comum o acometimento da coluna cervical concomitantemente. Neste artigo, são relatados dois casos de HEDAC. O primeiro envolve um paciente do sexo masculino, 53 anos, com história de queda da própria altura. O segundo também envolve um paciente do sexo masculino, 28 anos, vítima de queda de motocicleta em alta velocidade. Ambos evoluíram com resultados favoráveis.


The clivus is considered the strongest bone of the skull base. Thus, his injury suggests trauma of significant impact. The clivus extradural hematoma (HEDAC) is particularly rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Most accounts of victims HEDAC involves collision with high-speed vehicles, which often affects the cervical spine concurrent. In this paper, we report two cases of HEDAC. The first involves a 53 years old male with a history of fall from height. The second also involves a 28 years old male suffered high speed motorcycle accident. Both evolved with favorable results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial
2.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 31(2)jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-666954

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente adulto vítima de traumatismo cranioencefálico e que apresentou uma lesão considerada rara na literatura, o hematoma subdural agudo da fossa posterior. O paciente foi submetido à craniectomia suboccipital com drenagem do hematoma e recebeu alta com escore de 3 pontos na Glasgow Outcome Scale; um bom resultado, pois essa lesão atinge 71% de mortalidade em algumas séries.


The authors report a case of acute subdural hematoma of posterior fossa in an adult male patient secondary to a head trauma. This is considered a rare pathology in literature. The patient was operated and discharged with a score 3 in GOS. This can be considered a good result since some series show a mortality of 71% for this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Decompressive Craniectomy , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Hematoma, Subdural, Acute/surgery
3.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 35: 60-64, dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-598997

ABSTRACT

Las fracturas de base de cráneo se encuentran entre el 3.5 y el 24 por ciento de los pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico. Las fracturas del clivus, se consideran fracturas de la base craneana posterior y se clasifican en longitudinales, transversas y oblicuas. El diagnóstico de estas fracturas ha aumentado con el uso del TAC de cráneo. Anteriormente su diagnostico se realizaba con mayor frecuencia en autopsias. Las fracturas del clivus con gran frecuencia se asocian a lesión de estructuras neurológicas y vasculares vecinas, tienen un mal pronóstico neurológico aunque se han descrito casos asintomático de fracturas clivales. En este artículo se reportara nuestra experiencia con esta patología traumática y se hará una revisión de la literatura.


Skull base fractures are found in 3.5 to 24 percent of all traumatic brain injury. Clivus fracture is considered a posterior skull base fracture and is classified into longitudinal, transversal and oblique. The finding of these fractures had incremented with the use of CT scans. Previously the diagnosis of clival fractures was made mostly at autopsy studies. Clival fractures are associated with injuries to nervous and vascular structures in its vicinity. These fractures have a bad neurological prognosis although there are cases of asymptomatic patients with clival fractures in the scientific literature. In this article we will repot our experience with this traumatic pathology and we will review the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Skull Fracture, Basilar , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Colombia
4.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2002 Jun; 69(6): 489-94
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-79503

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical profile, radiology and treatment of Pediatric posterior fossa extradural hematoma (PPFEDH) and evaluate the outcome. METHODS: Posterior fossa extradural hematoma (PFEDH) is an uncommon trauma sequel and in pediatric age group is still rare. This article discusses 18 cases of PPFEDH seen over a period of 8 years and review the pertinent medical literature. Only a few studies discuss PPFEDH and in most of them outcome has been good. Trauma has been subtle and fracture of occipital bone is seen in majority of cases. Treatment has been operative in majority of the cases. RESULTS: Most of the patients were diagnosed only on high index of suspicion with a history of trauma on the occipit, fracture of the occipital bone and persistent symptoms suggestive of increasing intracranial pressure and posterior fossa space occupying lesion. CT scanning was done liberally to confirm the suspicion and the patients with hematoma were treated aggressively by surgical evacuation with good recovery in most of them. CONCLUSION: Authors suggest an aggressive approach in the event of PPFEDH. However some patients can be managed conservatively but they should be closely observed for clinical manifestation and CT scan routinely to evaluate the progress of hematoma radiologically. A strict criterion should be followed in choosing such patients for conservative treatment as highlighted in the study.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Female , Hematoma/etiology , Humans , Male , Occipital Bone/injuries , Oman , Retrospective Studies , Skull Fractures/complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-41278

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to find out the result of treatment and the factors which can predict the outcome of traumatic hematomas of the posterior cranial fossa. Twenty two patients with traumatic hematomas of the posterior cranial fossa from 1,500 patients with traumatic intracranial hematomas were analyzed. There were fourteen male and eight female patients. The most common etiology was a motor vehicle accident. About 90 per cent of the patients had a direct injury to the occipital region. Ninety per cent of the patients had an occipital skull fracture or diastatic fracture of the lambdoid suture. The overall mortality rate was about 38 per cent. Patients having pure epidural hematoma had zero mortality. By contrast, patients suffering epidural hematoma with associated intracranial hematoma had 20 per cent mortality. Intracerebellar hematoma led to 60 per cent mortality. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) before operation was used to predict the patients' outcome. Ninety per cent of the patients who had a GCS between 13 and 15 had a good recovery. By contrast, only 30 per cent of the patients who had a GCS below 9 had a good recovery. Statistical analysis showed that the GCS value of below 9 predicted the poor outcome for the patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology , Chi-Square Distribution , Child , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Female , Glasgow Coma Scale , Hematoma/etiology , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Skull Fractures/etiology
6.
Centro méd ; 42(1): 14-7, mayo 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-259340

ABSTRACT

La electronistagmografía es un procedimiento que se ha venido utilizando en las últimas tres (3) décadas con exelente confiabilidad, en lo que respecta a la función vestibular central y periférica. Presentamos los resultados de la exploración electronistagmográfica computarizada en 9 pacientes con lesiones de fosa posterior, provenientes del servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universiatrio de Caracas y del laboratorio de Otoneurología del Instituto de Diagnóstico de Caracas. Se muestran todos los procedimientos sistemáticamente realizados con un equipo Janus Atac V.100, comparándolos con los estudios audiológicos y de resonancia magnética. Concluimos que la electronistagmografía computarizada nos permite un análisis minucioso de los registros obtenidos y aporta datos en el diagnóstico otoneurológico de las lesiones de fosa posterior


Subject(s)
Humans , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Electronystagmography
7.
Radiol. bras ; 30(2): 99-103, mar.-abr. 1997. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-194298

ABSTRACT

Os oligoastrocitomas säo tumores primários do sistema nervoso central bem reconhecidos. Esses tumores geralmente crescem intra-axialmente, mas näo afetam a calota craniana adjacente. Neste trabalho é relatado um caso atípico de oligoastrocitoma fronto-parietal esquerdo, que causou lesäo do osso frontal adjacente, com invasäo do seio frontal, além de adelgaçamento do teto da órbita homolateral


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 16(1): 14-8, mar. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-188478

ABSTRACT

O tratamento cirúrgico das lesoes localizadas no clivus, junçao craniocervical e coluna cervical alta pode se acompanhar de morbidade e mortalidade importantes. O acesso transoral é uma via direta e adequada para essa regiao. Para estudar as relaçoes anatômicas desse acesso, realizou-se um estudo em 15 hemicabeças de cadáveres fixados em formalina a 20 por cento. As principais distâncias envolvendo o acesso transoral foram medidas para determinar seus limites e suas vantagens.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Head/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/anatomy & histology , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Cervical Vertebrae/anatomy & histology , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries
9.
J. bras. neurocir ; 7(1): 33-44, jan.-abr. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-181232

ABSTRACT

Na fossa craniana posterior, localizam-se patologias que se refletem no sistema ocular com acentuada freqüência, através de alteraçöes ao nível das vias neurais e conseqüente interferência nas funçöes visuais, predominantemente no sistema de motricidade ocular. Este estudo se propöe a identificar os sinais e sintomas oftalmológicos em pacientes com lesöes na fossa craniana posterior e efetuar análises entre os achados, a localizaçäo anatômica e a natureza da lesäo. Os pacientes internados foram submetidos a anamnese, semiologia neuroftalmológica e exames complementares: a nossa casuística consta de 21 pacientes com lesöes na fossa craniana posterior, examinados no período compreendido entre agosto de 1994 e julho de 1995. As manifestaçöes oculares encontradas com maior freqüência foram: edema de papila, acuidade visual reduzida, nistagmo horizontal, paralisia do VI nervo craniano, miose e diplopia. Observamos que as manifestaçöes oculares identificadas têm grande importância no diagnóstico presuntivo e na evoluçäo do quadro clínico, contribuindo para a identificaçäo precoce das patologias da fossa posterior e prevenindo o ulterior estabelecimento de lesöes neuroftalmológicas irreversíveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebellum/anatomy & histology , Cerebellum/pathology , Cerebellum/physiology , Cerebellar Diseases/complications , Eye Manifestations , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries
10.
Cir. & cir ; 63(4): 125-9, jul.-ago. 1995. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-162092

ABSTRACT

El manejo conservdor exitoso del paciente con traumatismo craneoencefálico portador de un hematoma extradural de la fosa posterior (HEDFP) no es raro. Se presenta una serie de 10 pacientes con estas lesiones con escaso déficit neurológico en quienes, habiéndose demostrado un HEDFP mediante estudios de resonancia magnñetica por imagen y/o tomografía axial computada, se decidió un tratamiento sin operación. Mediante estudios neurodiagnósticos seriados de control se observó la involución progresiva del hematoma, con mejoría clínica o desaparición de la sintomatología. El parámetro inicial de selección para no operar, más que el tamaño del hematoma, fue la escasa sintomatología neurológica, sin evidencia de focalización ni herniación cerebelosa. Se concluye que un grupo seleccionado de estos enfermos puede ser exitosamente tratado sin operación, bajo observación estrecha y manejo médico a base de esteroides y analgésicos


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Craniocerebral Trauma/physiopathology , Craniocerebral Trauma/therapy , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/diagnosis , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/physiopathology , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/therapy , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Tomography
11.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 13(4): 168-72, dez. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-170083

ABSTRACT

O hematoma extradural da fossa posterior é considerado uma complicaçäo rara de traumatismo craniano. Corresponde entre 1,2 por cento e 15 porcento de todos os hematomas extradurais. Com o advento da tomografia computadorizada, o diagnóstico tem sido relativamente fácil e o tratamento, quando instituido precocemente, leva a bons resultados. Os autores apresentam 6 casos de hematoma extradural traumático da fossa posterior, que foram diagnosticados e tratados cirurgicamente, ocorrendo apenas 1 óbito


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Brain Injuries/complications , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/etiology , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/injuries , Craniotomy , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial , Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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